Time to Divide Perennials

Perennials have become popular in recent years primarily because of their reputation for low maintenance. However, most perennials begin to appear a bit shaggy after the third to fifth year of growth. They need additional attention if they are to recapture their initial beauty and vitality.

After each year's growth, most perennials begin new growth at the outer edges of the plant. The middle, or original perennial growth, becomes sparse or spotty, eventually dying out at the center.

In time, the plant will begin to achieve a ring-like appearance with growth occurring at the outer edges and no growth in the middle. To correct this appearance, the plant must be dug up, divided, and then the healthiest portion reset in newly prepared soil.

The peony seems to be the most notable exception to the characteristic ring-like growth. Other popular varieties like the iris, Shasta daisy, spiderwort, Chrysanthemum, bee balm and phlox need to be reset.

Digging and dividing perennials prevents overcrowding of other plants. It also promotes better airflow and sunlight to the plant, thereby reducing the threat of fungus diseases. In addition to extending the life of the plant, new plants are created, which pay dividends on the initial dollar investment in the plant.

To divide perennials, first dig down through the soil at the outer edge of the plant and then under, completely removing the plant and its root system. Once the plant is removed, divide the plant into portions the size of the original planting.

The remaining section is of considerable size; it should be balled and burped for transplanting to another area. If it's going to be a while before the perennial is transplanted, it should be placed in a gardening pot to allow for proper watering and to promote root growth.

Perennials should be planted at the same soil level at which they were removed. Fertilizer with a 5-10-10 ratio of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium added to the soil will help the plant better establish its new root system.

Fall is the opportune time to reset perennials after they are finished blooming and before the onset of winter. Care for your perennials now in order to maintain their beauty next year.